Dotnet interview questions and answers
1. .Net Framework
1)What
is .Net Framework?
A)
· NET
Framework is an important integral component in .NET software.
· .NetFramework
is a runtime environment,which we can use to run .net
applications.
2)
What is Visual Studio.Net?
A) Visual Studio .NET
is a Microsoft-integrated development environment (IDE)that can be used for
developing console applications, Windows Applications, Web Applications,
Windows Service, Web service.. And so on...
3)
Difference between .Net Framework and VisualStudio.Net?
A)
.NET
FRAMEWORK VISUAL STUDIO .NET
1. It is a run- time
environment, which we can use to run applications.1. It is a development
environment,
which
we can use to develop applications.
2. It is required for
.net developers and .net application end users 2. It is required for only .net
developers.
3. It is a free ware
which we can download from Microsoft Website. 3. It is not free way which we have to
purchase from Microsoft.
4)
What is CLR?
A)· CLR stands for Common Language Runtime, it is .net execution.
· CLR
is a common execution engine for all .NET Languages that means
every .NET language
application has to execute with the help of CLR.
5)
Explain .net application Execution process?
Diagram
for .net application execution process :
A) .Net
application Execution process can be divided into 2 steps:
Step1.
Converting HIGH level language code into MSIL (Microsoft
Intermediate Language) with the help of language compilers because .Net
execution engine (CLR) can understand only MSIL code.
Step2.
JIT (JUST-IN-TIME) compiler will convert MSIL code to NATIVE
codebecause operating system can understand only NATIVE code or MACHINE code.
6)
What is JIT Compiler?
A) JIT (JUST-IN-TIME) Compiler
will convert MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) code to Native code because
operating system can understand only Native code or machine code.
7)
What is CLS?
A) 1. CLS (Common
Language Specifications) is a set of common language standard defined by the
Microsoft for all .NET Languages.
2. Every .NET Language
has to follow CLS Standards.
3. Whenever a
Programming Language wants to recognize as .NET Language then it has to follow
CLS.
8)
What is CTS?
A)· CTS (Common Type System) is a subset of CLS. It is a set of common
based data types defined by Microsoft for all .NET Languages.
· 2.
Every .NET Language has to map their data types with CTS types.
9)
What is MSIL Code?
A) Microsoft
Intermediate Language (MSIL), is one of the Core component of the .NET
Framework. Any .NET source codes written in any .net supportive language (C#,
VB.net etc), when compiled are converted to MSIL. This MSIL, when installed or
at the Runtime, gets converted to machine code. The Runtime conversion of MSIL
code to the machine code is handled by a component called as the Just In Time
(JIT) Compiler.
10)
Explain the role of Garbage collector?
A) In .NET, MEMORY
MANAGEMENT is handling by GARBAGE COLLECTOR (GC). GC is an integral part of
CLR. To perform memory Management GC
will do 2 duties.
1.Allocating
the Memory
->When new object
is created by application garbage collector will allocate memory for that
object with in Managed heap.
2.
De-Allocating the Memory:-
->When an object is
not using by the application garbage collector will recognize it as unused
object..and garbage collector will destroy unused objects according to
generation algorithm.
11)
What is Managed Code and Unmanaged Code?
.Net
application may contain 2 types of codes.
A)
Managed Code B) Unmanaged Code
A) Managed
code:
The code which is
taking the help of CLR for execution is called as managed code.
Example for Managed
Code:-
All .net languages
code is managed code.
VB.Net code, C#.Net
code…etc
B)
Unmanaged code: -
The code which is not
taking the help of CLR for execution is called as Unmanaged code..
Example for Unmanaged
Code:-
In .net application
non .net code is unmanaged code..
VB Code, VC++ Code…
Note:
- .net application can contain non .net code.
C#.Net
1.
Why C#.Net?
A) To develop any type
of application by using .NET we require one .NET LANGUAGE to write the business
logic of that application.
2.
Explain about primitive data types?
A) In C#.NET,
according to the type of the data and size of the data, data types are classified
into 5 types. They are—
1.
Numerical Data types
a) Signed Numerical
data types: sbyte, short, int, long b) Unsigned Numerical data types;- byte, ushort, uint, ulong
2.Floating
float, double, decimal
3.Character
related Data types a) Char
4.Logical
Data Types a) bool
5.
General data Types a) string b) object
These data types are
called as PRIMITIVE DATA TYPES.
3.
What is the MaxValue and MinValue?
A) MaxValue and
MinValue are predefined constants, which are members of every primitive data
type structure except bool. Using this Constant we can get the MINIMUM value
and MAXIMUM value of a data type.
4.
Difference between value types and Reference types?
A)VALUE
TYPES REFERENCE TYPES
1.In value types, data
will storing in STACK MEMORY 1. In this, Data will be storing in HEAP MEMORY.
2. Value type variable
can contain the actual data. 2. Reference type variable will contain the
address of the data.
3. In primitive data
types except General data types are called VALUE TYPES.They are Numerical,
Floating, Character and Logical. Ex: Int, Long, Char
3. In primitive data
types only General data types will come under REFERENCE TYPE. EX: String,
Object
4. Structures and
Enums are value types 4. Class, interface, delegates come under this.
5.
When we will go for signed data types and when we will go for
unsigned
data types?
For
Example:-
When
we will go for sbyte When we will go for byte
A) Whenever we want to
allow both positive and negative values then we will go for signed data types.
Whenever we want to
allow only positive values then we will go for unsigned datatypes. Here sbtye
is a signed data type and byte is an unsigned data type.
6 . W
hat is the output? static void Main (string [] args)
{
Char c='a';
int j=c;
Console.WriteLine
(j);
Console.ReadLine
();
}
Output:
97
7 .
Can I assign 1 or 0 into bool variable? static void Main(string[]
args)
{
bool b =
1;
Console.WriteLine(b);
Console.ReadLine();
}
A)
No.
8.
What is the output ?
static void Main(string[]
args)
{
bool b = true;
Console.WriteLine(b);
Console.ReadLine();
}
OUTPUT:
True
9.
Can we assign null value into value type variable? A)
No. but we can assign null values into reference type variable.
10.
How to assign null value into value type variable? A) We
have to go for NULLABLE VALUE TYPES.
Syntax: <ValueType>
? <VariableName>=NULL;
11.
When we will declare particular variable as nullable type?
A) Whenever an input
is an optional that means not compulsory then we can declare particular
variable as NULLABLE TYPES.
12.
What is implicit typed variable when we will go for implicit typed variable?
A)· Using var keyword we can declare IMPLICIT TYPED VARIABLE.
· IMPLICIT
TYPED VARIABLE can have any data type value and this variable will be
converting into particular data type based on the value which is assigning. Whenever
we r unable to expect the type of value which is going to assign.
13.
What is the difference between GetType() and typeof()? A)typeof()
GetType()
1. It will return the
given data type base type 1. It will return the given variable data type base
type
2. It is a operator 2.
It is a method
1 4.
What is the output? static void Main(string[] args)
{
var a =
10;
var b =
10.5;
Console.WriteLine(a.GetType());
Console.WriteLine(b.GetType());
Console.ReadLine();
}
OUTPUT:
System.Int32 System .Double
15.
What is implicit type casting? When we will go for explicit type casing?
A) IMPLICIT TYPE
CASTING: - Converting from Smaller size data type to
bigger size data type
is called as IMPLICIT TYPE CASTING.
When
EXPLICIT TYPE CASTING: - The type casting which is not possible
by
using implicit type
casting then we have to go for EXPLICIT TYPE CASTING.
16.
Difference between Parsing and Converting?
Parsing
Converting
1. Using parsing we
can convert from only string data type to any other data type except object
data type.
2. Using converting we
can convert from any data type to any other data type.
17.
What is the output?
static void Main(string[]
args)
{
string s1 = "1234";
string s2 = "1234.5";
string s3 = "rama";
string s4 = null;
string s5 = "12321321321323232132132332";
int res;
res = int.Parse(s1);
Console.WriteLine(s1);
//res =
int.Parse(s2);
//res =
int.Parse(s3);
//res =
int.Parse(s4);
//res =
int.Parse(s5);
Console.ReadLine();
}
OUTPUT:
1234
18.
Difference between int.Parse() and Convert.Toint32()?
A) Int.Parse()
Convert.ToInt32()
1.Using this we can
convert from only STRING to INT. 1.Using this we can convert from any data type
value into INT.
2.When we are parsing
if the string variable contains NULL value then this parsing technique will
throw argument
NULL EXCEPTION.
2.When we are
converting if the string variable contains NULL value then it will convert that
NULL as ZERO.
19.
What is Boxing and Unboxing?
A)· BOXING: - It is the process of converting from
VALUE type to REFERENCE type.
Ex: converting from
int to object
· UNBOXING:
-It is the process of converting from REFERENCE type to VALUE type.
EX: converting from
object to int.
20.
What is the difference between Convert.ToString() and Tostring()?
A) Convert.ToString()
handles NULL values even if variable value become NULL..Tostring() will not
handles NULL values it will throw a NULL reference exception error.
21.
What is the difference between string and StringBuilder?
A)STRING STRING
BUILDER
1. When we implement modifications
to the existing String object within memory it will create a new object.
Because string is
IMMUTABLE.
1. When we implement
modifications to the existing StringBuilder object will not create new copy of
object instead of that it will modify the existing object.Because StringBuilder
is MUTABLE.
2. String will
allocate a new memory whenever we concatenate the string value EX: String
s1=‖sathya‖;
S1=s1+‖Tech‖; Console.WriteLine(s1);
2. StringBuilder class
will have a method Append() this method is used to insert the new value on the
existing
value.so the usage of
string builder is more efficient in case of large amount of string
EX: StringBuilder
s1=new StringBuilder(―sathya‖);
S1.Append(―Tech‖);
Console.WriteLine(s1);
3. It will occupy more
memory, it will decrease the performance of applications.
3. It will occupy less
memory, it will improve the performance of applications.
For
Example:-
static void Main(string[]
args)
{
string s1 = "Hydera";
Console.WriteLine(s1.GetHashCode());
s1 = s1 + "bad";
Console.WriteLine(s1.GetHashCode());
Console.WriteLine(s1);
StringBuilder s2 = new StringBuilder("Hydera");
Console.WriteLine(s2.GetHashCode());
s2.Append("Bad");
Console.WriteLine(s2.GetHashCode());
Console.ReadLine();
}
22.
What is Error, Bug and Defect?
A) Error --> Which comes at
the time of development. Bug --> Which comes at the time of testing.
(Pre-Release)
Defect
--> Which comes in Production. (Post-Release)
23.
Why class and object?
A) CLASS: To
achieve ENCAPSULATION, as well as for modularity
OBJECT:
To allocate memory for instance variables & to store the
address of instance method.
24.
When we will go for instance variable?
A) Whenever we
required a filed for multiple objects with the different values,then particular
variable we will declare as INSTANCE VARAIBLE.
25.
When we will go for static variable?
A) According to the
requirement whenever the value is common for all the objects then particular
variable will declared as STATIC.
26.
Difference between instance variable and static variable?
A)INSTANCE VARIABLE
(or) NON-STATIC VARIABLE STATIC VARIABLE (or) CLASS VARIABLE
1. A variable which is
declared within the class and outside the method WITHOUT using STATIC keyword
is called as INSTANCE VARIABLE.
1. A variable which is
declared inside the class and outside the method by using STATIC keyword is
called asSTATIC VARIABLE.
2. Instance variable
will create multiple times for every object creation.
2. Static variable
will create only once when the class is loading.
3. Instance variable
value will be differs from one object to another object.
3.satic variable value
will be same for every object
27.
When we will go for readonly?
A) Whenever filed is
required for every object with the different value, but the value not required
change. Ex: - EmpNo
28.
When we will go for static readonly? Difference between static variable and
static read only?
A) Whenever we want to
have common value for every object and value should not be changed forever we
will go for static readonly.
STATIC
VARIABLE STATIC READONLY
1. Value will be
common for all objects but value can be changed 1. value be common for all
objects but value can’t be changed
29)
Difference between constant, static and read-only?
A) CONSTANT STATIC
VARIABLE READONLY
1.const keyword is
used 1. static keyword 1.Readonly keyword 2. Its value cannot be changed 2. Its value can be changed
2.Its value cannot be modified
3. By default constant is static that means we don’t require to use any static keyword
3. For static
variable,programmer has to declare as static 3.By default Non-static
4. Constant value
should be initialized at the time of declaration which we cannot initialize in runtime.
4. Static variable can
be initialized at the time of declaration as well as we can initialize in
runtime within the static constructor.
4. Readonly can be initialized
at the time of declaration or runtime (only within the constructor)
30)
When the memory will be allocated for instance variable and
static
variable?
A) STATIC VARIABLE:
- At the time of class is loading, memory will be allocated for static
variable.
INSTANCE
VARIABLE: - When the object is created the memory is allocated for
instance variable.
31)
What is the purpose of constructor and method?
A) Purpose of Constructor:
To initialize at the time of creating an object for Instance variable as
well as at the time class is loading for static variable.
Purpose
of Method: To perform operations on state.
32)
When we will go for instance method? A) To perform operations on
Instance variables.
33)
When will go for static method?
A) While defining
method if that method is not required to access instance variables we will
define particular method as static method.
34)
If a class is having one static constructor and one instance constructor which
constructor will call first?
A) First control will
execute STATIC constructor because CLASS will load first then OBJECT will
create.
35)
Why static constructor is a parameter less constructor?
A) Static constructor
executes at the time of class loading. There is no need to pass values
explicitly, so it doesn't have parameters.
36)
What are the default access modifiers?
A) Default access
modifier of class members is private Default
access modifier of a class is internal.
37)
What is the super class for all.net classes? A) OBJECT Class
38)
When object class constructor is calling? A) When we call
instance constructor first it will call object class constructor.
39)
How constructor calling mechanism will work? A) Constructor is
calling from BOTTOM to TOP, but it is executing TOP to BOTTOM.
40)
What is this and base?
A) this: It is
a keyword which is representing current class object or instance. Using this we
can invoke current class instance members.
Base:
It is a keyword which is representing the super class
instance.Using base keyword we can access super class instance members from
derived class or sub class.
41)
How to invoke super class constructor? A) base()
42)
How to invoke current class constructor? A) this()
43)
What is constructor overloading?
A) Implementing
multiple constructors within a single class with different signature (Different
no. of parameters or Type of parameters or Order of parameters) is
called CONSTRUCTOR OVERLOADING.
44)
What is constructor chaining?
A) Whenever one class
constructor is invoking another class constructor which is called as
constructor chaining.
For this we can use
Base()
45)
Why Main() is static?
A) When we run the
application CLR has to invoke the Main(). If the Main() is a instance method
again it requires object. To overcome this Main() is defined as static method.
46)
Main() and static constructor in same class which one will execute first? A) STATIC CONSTRUCTOR
47)
What is passing parameter mechanism? How many types?
A) Passing a value to
a function is called as PASSING PARAMETER MECHANISM.
à C#.Net
will support passing parameter mechanism in 3 ways.
1. Call by value (or)
Pass by value 2. Call by reference (or) pass by reference 3. Call by Out (or)
pass by out
48)
When call by value, call by reference, call by out?
A) CALL BY VALUE: Whenever
we want to pass some value to a function and the modifications are not
expecting to reflect back to actual parameter then we will pass it as CALL BY
VALUE. CALL BY REFERENCE: Whenever we want to pass some value and we are
expecting the modifications should be reflected back to actual paramer then we will
pass it as CALL BY REFERENCE CALL BY OUT: Whenever we don’t want to pass
any values but we are expecting back the modifications then we will pass
particular parameter as CALLBY OUT.
49)
Difference between call by ref and call by out?
A) CALL BY
REFERENCE CALL BY OUT
1.Ref keyword is used
1.Out keyword is used 2. Ref parameter should have some value.
2. Out parameter is
not required to have value.
3. Whenever we want to
pass some value and we are expecting the modifications should be reflected back
then we will pass it as CALL BY REFERENCE
3. Whenever we don’t
want to pass any values but we are expecting back the modifications then we
will pass particular parameter as CALL BY OUT
49)
What are oops principles?
A)
1. Encapsulation 2.
Abstraction 3. Inheritance 4. Polymorphism
50)
What is Encapsulation? How can we achieve?
A) Wrapping STATES and
BEHAVIOURS are called as ENCAPSULATION.
Or
Binding VARIABLES and METHODS is called as ENCAPSULATION.By
implementing class we can achieve ENCAPSULATION.
51)
What is abstraction? How can we achieve?
A) Abstraction means
HIDING. Abstractions are 2 types.
1)
data abstraction:-
Hiding unwanted data
is called as data abstraction
2)
Method abstraction:-
Invoking required
method and hiding unwanted method is called as method abstraction.
With the help of
FUNCTION OVERLOADING we can achieve Method ABSTRACTION.
52)
What is Inheritance? Types of Inheritance?
A) Inheriting or
deriving members from one class to another class is called as INHERITANCE.
C#.Net will support 5
types of Inheritance. They are
1. Single Inheritance 2.
Multi-level Inheritance 3. Multiple Inheritance 4. Hierarchical Inheritance 5.
Hybrid Inheritance.
54)
Is C#.Net will support multiple Inheritance?
A) In C#.NET multiple
inheritances is not possible by using classes, which is possible with the help
of INTERFACES.
55)
What is sealed class? When we will go for sealed class?
A) While defining a
class, if we have used ―sealed‖ keyword then that class can be called as SEALED
CLASS. It cannot be inherited. Whenever we want to restrict to inherit a class
we can go for sealed class.
56)
Difference between static class and sealed class?
A)
STATIC
CLASS SEALED CLASS
1. It can contain only
STATIC members. 1. It can contain both STATIC and INSTANCE members.
2. It cannot be
instantiated. 2. It can be instantiated(we can create object for sealed class)
3. STATIC keyword is
used. 3. SEALED keyword is used. 4.Can’t be inherited 4. Can’t be inherited.
57)
Difference between class and structure?
A) CLASS STRUCTURE
1. It is reference
type 1. It is value type 2. When we create an object for class it will be
allocated into HEAP
MEMEORY 2. When we
create an object for structure it will be allocated into STACK MEMEORY
3.To define a CLASS,
class keyword is used 3. To define a
STRUCTURE, struct keyword is used
4. It will support
inheritance 4. It will not support inheritance 5.Instance field intailzers are
allowed 5. Instance field intializers are not allowed.
6.It can contain
explicit default constructor 6.It can’t contain explictit default constructor
7. We can’t create an
object for class with out using new
keyword. 7. We can create an object for structure with out using new key word
if it is not having instance varibles. 8. We can have static, abstract, sealed class.
8. We can’t have static, abstract, sealed structure. 9.We can implement
overloading and overrding with in class 9. We can implement overloading with
in structure, but we
can’t implement overriding with in structure.
58)
Why property?
A) 1.To assign value
to a class level variable after creating object to retrieve the value from
class level variable individually. 2. Property will provide SECURITY to variable
data.
3. Property will
provide VALIDATION FACILITY for variable data at the time of Assigning.
59)
Difference between constructor and property?
A)
CONSTRUCTOR
PROPERTY
1. It is used to
initialize the instance variables at the time of creating an object.
1. It is used to
assign value to class level variables as well as can retrieve the value from
class level variables.
60)
What is polymorphism? Types of polymorphism?
A) Polymorphism means
one name many forms. Implementing multiple functionalities with the same name
is called POLYMORPHISM. It is of 2 types:
1. Static Polymorphism
(or) Compile Time Polymorphism 2. Dynamic Polymorphism (or) Runtime
Polymorphism
61)
What is static polymorphism and dynamic polymorphism?
A) STATIC
POLYMORPHISM:
A method which will
bind at compile time will execute in runtime is called as static polymorphism
or early binding or compile time polymorphism
DYNAMIC
POLYMORPHISM:
A method which will
bind at compile time will not execute, instead of that a method which will bind
at runtime will execute is called as RUNTIME POLYMORPHISM (or) DYNAMIC
POLYMORPHISM is nothing but LATE
BINDING.
62)
What is function overloading? When we will go for function overloading?
A) FUNCTION
OVERLOADING: Having multiple methods with the same name but a different no.
of arguments or different type of arguments or different order of arguments in
a single class or in a combination of base and derived class. WHEN: Whenever
we want to implement same method with the different functionalities then we
have to go for FUNCTION OVERLOADING
63)
Can we overload static methods? A) YES.
64)
What is function overriding? When we will go for function overriding?
A) FUNCTION
OVERRIDING: Having multiple methods with the same name and with the same
signature in a combination of base and derived class.
WHEN:
Whenever we want to
implement a method in multiple classes with the different behavior we can go
for method overloading.
65)
What is method hiding?
A) Hiding the SUPER
CLASS method within the SUB CLASS by using new keyword as called as METHOD
HIDING.
66)
Can we override static methods?
A) NO. We cannot
define static method as VIRTUAL, OVERRIDE and ABSTRACT. Because FUNCTION
OVERRIDING is depending on OBJECT or INSTANCE
68)
Difference between function overloading and function
overriding?
FUNCTION
OVERLOADING FUNCTION OVERRIDING
1. Multiple methods
with the same name and different signature. 1. Multiple methods with the same
name
and same signature. 2.
It can implement in a single class and combination of base and derived class.
2. To implement
override we should go for base and derived class, we cannot implement in single
class.
3. No keywords are
used 3. virtual in base class and override in derived class
4. Both functions
return types can be same or differ. 4. Both functions return types should be same.
5. It is a compile
time polymorphism 5. It is a Run time polymorphism
6. We can overload
static methods 6. We cannot override static methods
7. Constructors can be
overload. 7. Constructors cannot be overload.
68) When
we will go for abstract class?
A) Whenever we want to
implement some methods in current class and some methods we want declare in
current class which we want to implement in future classes then we have to
declare that class as abstract class.
69)
When we will go for interface?
A) Whenever we want to
declare all the members in current class and want to implement all the members
in future classes then we will declare particular class as interface.
70)
Why we can’t create object for
abstract class and interface?
A) Not required Because
is abstract class is a partial implemented class and interface has
noimplementation. Even though these abstract class abstract members and
interface members shouldimplement within the derived classes. Due to that
reason we don’t required to create object for abstract class andinterface.We
will create an object for derived class and using that object we can access abstract
members and interface members.
71)
Difference between abstract class and interface?
A)
ABSTRACT
CLASS INTERFACE
1. It is a collection
of abstract members and non-abstract members. 1. It is collection of abstract
members, that means by default interface members are abstract.2. While defining
an abstract class .abstract keyword is used. 2. While defining an interface,
interface keyword is used.
3. It is partially
implemented 3. No implementation
4.we can implement
with in a method, property(Normal method or Normal property)
4. We can’t implement
a property and method. 5.it can contain fields 5.it can’t contain fields
6.it can contain
constructor 6.it can’t contain constructor
7. While implementing
abstract class members with in the derived class we have to use override
keyword.
7. While implementing
interface members with in the derived class we don’t required to user override
key word.
72)
Benefits of oops? A) 1. Reusability 2. Extensibility 3. Re-implementation 4.
Modularity 5. Easy to modify 6. Easy to
implement real world programming 7. Security
73)
What is an exception? A) Run time error is nothing but and exception.
74)
Why exception handling mechanism? A) To handle runtime error,
when a runtime error is occurred to avoid abnormal termination by displaying
user-friendly error messages.
75)
What code we will write within try, catch and finally blocks?
A) TRY BLOCK: We
have to write the statements which may throw an error.
CATCH
BLOCK: We will write the statements to display user friendly messages to
the user to give more clarity to the user regarding error. FINALLY BLOCK: We
will write ERROR FREE code or CLEAN UP code that means the statements which we
want to execute irrespective of error occurrence.
76)
Can we have multiple catch blocks and if yes when we will go for multiple catch
blocks?
A) Yes. Whenever we
want to handle multiple errors we have to go for MULTIPLE CATCH BLOCKS.
77)
What is super class for all .net exception classes? A)
Exception class
78)
What is a delegate? Types of delegates?
A) It is similar like
C++ function pointer. Delegate object can hold the address of a function and
can invoke a function. Delegates are reference types.Delegates are of 2
types 1. Single cast Delegate and 2. Multi Cast Delegate
79)
In C# which is called as type safe function pointers? Why?
A) In C#.Net,
DELEGATES are called as TYPE SAFE FUNCTION POINTERS because Delegate
declaration should follow the method declaration which is holding by the
delegate object.
80)
What is language Independency? Is .NET language independent technology?
A) .Net
is supporting for multiple languages. While developing an application by using
one .net language we can use another .net language component. For example:-
While developing
C#.Net application we can use vb.net component. As well as while developing
VB.Net application we can use C#.Net component. Due to that reason we can say that
.net is a language independent technology.
81)
What is an assembly? Types of assemblies?
A) An Assembly is a
unit of code which provides versioning and deployment. Assemblies are of 2
types:-
1.
Private Assembly and 2. Shared Assembly
82)
Difference between dll and exe?A) exe dll
1. exe stands for
EXECUTABLE 1. dll stands for DYNAMIC LINK LIBRARY.
2.File extension will
be .exeEx;-hello.exe 2.File extension will be .dll Hello.dll
3.exe file will have
an ENTRY point 3.dll file will not have an ENTRY point called main() called
main()
4. exe is SELF
EXECUTABLE. Exe itself is an application. 4. dll is not a self executable, it
is reusable component. It will depend on some other application for execution
for execution.
5. Collection of
classes which has Main() will produce exe files. Ex: .Net Console application
5. Collection of
classes which is not having Main() will produce dll files. Ex: .Net class
library project.
83)
Difference between private assembly and shared assembly?
A) PRIVATE ASSEMBLY
SHARED ASSEMBLY
1. An assembly which
is providing services to SINGLE client application at a time is called as PRIVATE
ASSEMBLY
1. An assembly which
is providing services to MULTIPLE client application at a time is called as SHARED
ASSEMBLY
2. It will create a
local copy within every client application folder, that local copy will provide
the services to concern client application. 2. It will not create a local copy,
it will provide services to multiple client application from a centralized
shared folder called GAC.
84)
What is GAC?
A) GAC stands for
GLOBAL ASSEMBLY CACHE. IT is a residence for all SHARED ASSEMBLIES. When we
install .NET software, GAC folder will create within the following path C:\Windows\Assembly
85)
What is strong name? How to create strong name?
A) It is one of the
.NET Framework utility, which is representing with a file called sn.exe. Using
this utility we can give a strong name or public key to the given assembly. Strong
name or public key will give uniqueness to given assembly among collection of
assemblies.
86)
How to install an assembly into GAC? A)
GAC UTILITY:
It is represented with
a file called GACutil.exe. Using this utility we can install an assembly into
GAC folder
Syntax:- D:\\gacutil –
i <assemblyname.dll> (Press enter) Example:- D:\\gacutil – i
myassembly.dll (Press enter)
Here ―i‖ stands for
INSTALLING The above command will install myassembly.dll into GAC folder.
87)
What signing assembly? A) Informing about created strong name
to the assembly is nothing but signing the assembly.
88)
What is satellite assembly? A) An assembly which we can use to
develop multi lingual applications in .net.
89)
What are Multilingual applications? A) An application that
supports for more than one human readable language is known as multilingual
application.
90)
What is Reflection? A) Reflection is used to get the information about an assembly
programmatically by writing some code.
91)
How to implement Reflection in .net? A) System.Reflection System.Type
92)
What are smart arrays in C#.Net?
A) In C#.Net, INDEXERS
are called as SMART ARRAYS because accessing array with the help of indexers
will be faster.
93)
What is enum? What is the default data type of enum?
A) Enum is a value
type. It is a collection of constants that means it is a collection of string
constants which are representing collection of integer constants. Ã Int is the default data type of enum.
94)
Why generics?
A) Generics
allow us to define type-safe data structures, without committing to actual data
types. It means it allows the programmer to decide the type of parameter in
RUNTIME or CONSUMPTION TIME.
95)
What we are achieving by using generics? A) We can avoid
function overloading in some level.
96)
Can we create normal object for generic class? A)
NO. We CANNOT create a normal object for Generic class.
97)
Can we pass 2 different type values to generic function? A)
YES.
HOW :
Class myclass
{
Internal static void
print <T, K> (Ta, Kb)
{
}
}
Class program
{
Void Main ()
{
Myclass.print<int,
string> (10,‖sathya‖);
Console.ReadLine ();
}
}
98)
How many types of collections? A) Collections are of 2
types: 1. Normal Collection and 2. Generic Collection
99)
What is dictionary?
A) 1.The Dictionary
class is a generic class and can store any data types. 2. It is a collection of
Pairs.
3. Each pair will have
2 elements: 1. Key value and 2.Item Value. 4. Every item should be represented
with one unique key value.
100)
How to add summary to a method?
A) If we want to add a
method comment you can just place your cursor on an empty line above one of
your method and insert 3 slashes which will insert a comment block for you to
fill out.
101)
Can we call message box with in console application.
A) Yes. 1. Start
a new project - File -> New Project -> Console Application -> OK.
2. On Solution
Explorer - right click on References and click Add Reference.
3. Scroll down the
list until you find "System.Windows.Forms", click it and then click
OK
4. Now under all the
using _____’s add this to the code window: Using System.Windows.Forms;
5. Now go to the main
function MessageBox.Show ("Hello World"); 6. Now go to Debug ->
Start without Debugging.
102)
what is partial class? Why partial class?
A) 1. While defining a
class, if we have used partial keyword which can be called as PARTIAL CLASS.
2. Partial class will
split into multiple class files but the class name will be same but class files
names should be differ.
WHY: According
to the requirement, whenever multiple resources wants to work on single class
then we can declare particular class as a PARTIAL CLASS. Ex:-
In asp.net Webform1 is a partial class
1) Webform1.aspx:-
Here we will write the business logic 2) Webform1.aspx.desgigner.cs:- Here we
will write the designing logic.
103)
what is a thread? A) Thread is an independent execution path, it able to run
simultaneously with other execution paths.
104)
what is the base class library for threading? A)
System.Threading
105)
How to create thread?
A) Whenever we want to
create a thread, we have to create an object for thread pre-defined class. Thread
thr1=new Thread ();
106)
How to invoke a thread? A) Using thr1.Start ();
Start():
It is a pre-defined member method of thread class. Using this
method we can invoke or start a thread.
107)
What is threadstart()?
A) 1. Threadstart() is
a pre-defined delegate, which is a part of System.Threading base class library.
2. We can initialize a
method to thread with the help of ThreadStart().
108)
How to send a thread for sleep?
A) Using
Thread.sleep(), we can send a thread for sleep according to the given time.
Sleep() method is used to Block the current thread for the specified number of
milliseconds. In other words We can include specific time via hread.sleep() method like as: Thread.Sleep
(TimeSpan.FromHours (1)); // sleep for 1 hour Thread.Sleep (1000); // sleep for
1000 milliseconds
109)
How to suspend a thread?
A) Using Suspend() we
can suspend the targeted thread. When you callThread.Suspend() on a thread, the
system notes that a thread suspension has been requested and allows the thread
to execute until it has reached a safe point before actually suspending the
thread. A safe point for a thread is a point in its execution at which garbage
collection can be performed. Once a safe point is reached, the runtime
guarantees that the suspended thread will not make any further progress in
managed code. A thread executing outside managed code is always safe for
garbage collection, and its execution continues until it attempts to resume
execution of managed code.
110)
How to call back suspended thread? A) Suspended thread can be
called back by using resume().
111)
How to terminate thread?
A) The Thread.Abort()
method is used to start the process of terminating the thread. we are calling
this method usually terminates the thread. it raised a System.Threading.ThreadingAbortException
in the thread on which it is invoked.
112)
what is the scope of protected Internal?
A) If we declare a
class or class member access modifier as protected internal which can be
accessed by all the classes of CURRENT PROJECT and DERIVED CLASSES of other
projects within that application.
113)
How to call Garabge collector?
A) Using GC.Collect();
The garbage collection
class provides the GC.Collect(); which you can use to give your application
some direct control over the garbage collector. In general, youshould avoid
calling any of the collect methods and allow the garbage collector to run
independently.
114)
Difference between dispose() method and finalize() method?
A) These are just like
any other methods in the class and can be called explicitly but they have a
special purpose of cleaning up the object.
DISPOSE(): In the dispose method we write clean up code for the
object. It is
important that we
freed up all the unmanaged recources in the dispose method likedatabase
connection, files etc.
The class implementing
dispose method should implement IDisposable interface. A Dispose method should
call the GC.SuppressFinalize method for the object it is disposing if the class
has desturctor because it has already done the work to clean up the object,
then it is not necessary for the garbage collector to call the object's Finalize
method.
FINALIZE():
A Finalize method acts as a safeguard to clean up resources in the
event that your Dispose method is not called. You should only implement a Finalize
method to clean up unmanaged resources. You should not implement a Finalize
method for managed objects, because the garbage collector cleans up managed
resources automatically. Finalize method is called by the GC implicitly therefore
you can not call it from your code.
Note:
In C#, Finalize method cannot be override, so you have to usedestructor whose
internal implementation will override the Finalize method in MSIL. But in the
VB.NET, Finalize method can be override because it does support destructor
method. ASP.Net
1.
What is ASP.Net? Why asp.net?
A) 1. ASP.NET is a
.NET web technology or Server side technology.
WHY: To
develop a web application by using .Net we have to use a .Net web technology
called Asp.Net and a .Net language called C#.Net.
2.
What do you mean by server side technology?
A) 1. The code which
is executing within the WEB SERVER is called as SERVER SIDE CODE.
2. Server side code we
can implement by using Server side technologies. Ex. ASP, ASP.NET, JSP, PHP and
so on
3. Using server side
technology we can develop server side web pages.
3.
What do you mean by client side technology?
A) 1. The code which
is executing within the WEB BROWSER is called as CLIENT SIDE CODE.
2. Client side code we
can implement by using client side technologies. 3. Ex: JavaScript, HTML, CSS
4.
What are the programming techniques will be supporting by asp.net?
A) Asp.net will
support 2 Programming Techniques. They are- 1. InPage Technique and 2.
CodeBehing Technique.
5.
Can we convert client side control as a server side control? Can we convert
server side control as client side control?
A) Yes. We can convert
Client side control as server side control by adding an ATTRIBUTE called
runat=‖server‖.
But we cannot convert
server side control as client side control.
6.
How can you pass values between ASP.NET pages?
A) Different
techniques to move data from one web form to another are:
1. Query string 2.
Cookies 3. Session state 4. Application state 5. Cross page postback 6.
Context.Handler object
7.
What is the difference between Response.Redirect() and Server.Transfer()? A) Response.
Redirect():
1. It is used to
navigate the user request between multiple web servers. 2. It will not hide the
Destination url address.
Server.
Transfer(): 1. It is used to navigate the user request within the web server. 2.
It will hide the Destination url address.
8.
Explain about validation controls in asp.net?
A) There are 6
Validator Controls. They are
1. Requiredfield
Control 2. Compare validator 3. Range validator 4. Regular Expression validator
5. Custom validator 6. Validation summary
9.
When we will go for custom validator control?
A) Whenever our
validation requirement is unable to achieve with the help of existing
validation controls then we have to go for CUSTOM VALIDATOR CONTROL.
10.
How to invoke server side validation function and how to invoke client side
validation function?
A) Server side
validation functions can be invoked by using ASP.NET and Client side validation
function are invoked with the help of JavaScript and HTML.
11. How to access information about a user’s
locale in ASP.NET?
A) User’s locale
information can be accessed through System.Web.UI.Page.Culture property.
12.
What are the life cycle events of asp.net? A) Application level,
Control level, Page level.
13.
What are the Asp.Net page cycle stages?
A) There are overall 8
stages available for any webpage that will undergo with in server at page life
cycle.
1) Page Request 2)
Start 3) Page Initialization 4) Load 5) Validation 6) PostBack Event Handling 7)
Rendering
8) Unload
14)
What are page life cycle events?
A) 1. Page_PreInit 2.
Page_Init 3. Page_InitComplete,4. Page_PreLoad 5. Page_Load 6.
Page_LoadComplete
7. Page_PreRender8.
Page_PreRenderComplete, 9. Page_Unload
15.
In asp.net page life cycle events which will fire first? A)
Page_PreInit
16)
What is the difference between event and method?
A) Event will execute
for some action i.e called as event firing or event calling or event executing.
Whereas method will contain some behavior or functionality.
17)
What are the default events of controls Button and Textbox?
A) Default events of: Button: CLICK Event TextBox: TEXTCHANGED
Event
18)
What do u mean by postback?
A)When ever user
request for a page for first time it is called First request. When ever user
will interact the page by clicking button or selecting radiobutton e.t.c again
one more request for the same page that is called postback request.
19)
What is Ispostback? When we will use Not Ispostback?
A) IsPostBack: It
is the property of the Page class which is used to determine whether the page
is posted back from the client.
When:
Whenever we don’t want to execute the code within the load event,
when the page load event fires then we will use (!IsPostBack).
20)
What is AutopostBack? when we will set Autopostback=true?
A) Autopostback is the
property of the control. If you want a control to postback automatically when
an event is raised, you need to set the AutoPostBackproperty of the control to
True.
21)
Difference between web user control & custom control?
A) WEB USER CONTROL
CUSTOM CONTROL
1. It will provide
services to single web applications. 1. It will provide services to multiple web
applications.
2.Its file is
represented with *.ascx 2.Its file is represented with *.dll file 3. If we want
to develop a web user
control we have to add
a pre-defined template called web user control to the solution explorer of the
application
3. If we want to
develop a custom control we have to use a class library project.
4. Web user control we
have to drag from solution explorer window to web page.
4.Custom control we
have to drag from toolbox window to web page.
22)
How to get the current date to textbox? A) TextBox1.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString();
23)
How to divide the page into different parts? A) By using div tag
and panel control.
24)
What is Rendering?
A) Rendering is a
process of converting complete server side code into client understable code.
It will happen before page is submitting to the client.
25)
What is the difference between ASP and ASP.Net?
A) ASP ASP.NET
1. Asp is a classic
server side technology before .NET 1. Asp.Net is a .Net advanced server side
technology.
2. Asp will support
only ONE programming technique called INPAGE TECHNIQUE(writing both (design/logic)
code in the single file 2.
Asp.Net will support 2 programming techniques i.e INPAGE and CODEBEHIND
technique called NOTEPAD) 3.In Asp, its file extension is .asp 3.In Asp, its
file extension is .aspx
4. Asp uses mostly
VBScript, HTML and JavaScript 4. Asp.Net uses any .Net languages including
VB.Net, C# but mostly C#.Net.
5. Asp has limited
OOPs support. 5. ASP.NET uses languages which are fully object oriented
languages like C#
26)
What is the parent class for all asp.net web server controls? A)
System.Web.UI.Control.
27)
How many types of memories are there in .net?
A) Two types of
memories are there in.net.
1. Stack memory and 2.
Heap memory
28)
D/B client side and server side scripting?
A) Client Side
Scripting Server Side Scripting
1. Scripting which
will execute within the web browser can be called as client side scripting.
1. Scripting which
will execute within the web server can be called as client side scripting.
2. Using this we can
implement client side validations. 2. Using this we can implement server side
validations.
3. Client side
scripting we can implement by using client side technologies called JavaScript,
VB script and so on.
3. Server side
scripting we can implement by using server side technologies called Asp.Net,
JSP, PHP and so on.
29)
When we will go for gridview customization?
A) Whenever we want to
display the Gridview control according to our requirement then we will go for
Gridview Customisation.
30)
What is AutoGenerateColumns property?
A) It is a Boolean
property of gridview control. By default it is true. If we want to customize
gridview control..we have to set it as false.
31)
List out directories in Asp.Net? A) Page, Register, Master,
Control
32)
What are the major built in objects in asp.net? A)
Application, Request, Response, Server, Session.
33)
When we will go for master page?
A) Whenever we want to
have common header and common footer within multiple pages of a website then we
can go for a Master Page.
34)
When can we use xml control?
A) Whenever we want to
display the data from XML document to the user then we can use XML control. NOTE:
To fetch the data from XML document, XML control will depend on XSLT(Extensible
Style sheet Language Transformation) file XSLT file will be acting as a
mediator between XML control and XML document.
35)
When can we use wizard control?
A) Whenever we want to
accept multiple inputs from the user in STEP by STEP process we can use WIZARD
CONTROL.
36)
When can we use adRotator control?
A) Whenever we want to
display the collection of images in a rotation manner one by one then we will
go for Adrotator control.
37)
How view and Multiview controls will work? A) View and multiview
are container controls.
Multiview
control: It can contain collection of view controls but not a normal control.
View
Control: It can contain normal controls, but view control should be placed within
the multiview.
à By
implementing view and multiview control we can reduce the no. of pages.
38)
What are the config files we have in asp.net? A) In
ASP.NET we have 2 types of Configuration files. They are-
1. Web.Config and 2.
Machine.config
39)
What is web.config file? How many web.cofig can contain a single application?
A) 1. Web.Config is
one of the configuration files. 2. It is a XML file.
3. This file we can
use to define the ASP.NET application configuration settings. We can have
MULTIPLE Web.Config files within a single application.
40)
Can we declare more than oneconnection string in web.config file?
A) YES. But the
connection string names must be different.
41)
When we will go for multiple web.config files?
A) Whenever we want to
define some separate settings for couple of web pages, we will create a new
folder and we will add that couple of web pages to that folder and we will add
a new Web.config file to that new folder and we will define that separate
settings within that Web.config.
42)
What is the importance of machine.config? How many machine.config files?
A) The Machine.Config
file, which specifies the settings that are global to a particular machine. Machine.config
file is used to configure the application according to a particular machine.
That is, configuration done in machine.config file is affected on any application
that runs on a particular machine. Usually, this file is not altered.Ã We can have only ONE machine.config files.
43)
What is the Difference between Hyperlink button and Link Button?
A) Hyperlink: It
will not PostBack the webpage to the server.Link Button: It will
postback the webpage to the server.
44)
What is State Management? Why?
A) STATE
MANAGEMENT: It is a process of maintaining the user’s information.
WHY: Asp.Net
web application is depending on HTTP protocol which is a STATELESS protocol
that means it cannot remember previous user information. Solution for this
problem is STATE MANAGEMENT.
45)
How many types of state management?
A) We can implement
STATE MANAGEMENT in 2 ways.
1. Server Side State
Management and 2. Client Side State Management.
46)
What is client side state management? How many types?
A) Storing the user’s
information within the WEB BROWSER memory or CLIENT MACHINE is called as Client
Side State Management.
47)
What is server side state management? How many types?
A) Storing the user’s
information within the WEB SERVER memory is called as Server Side State
Management.
48)
What is a session? How many types of sessions?
A) Session is a
temporary variable which will be used to maintain the user information. Based
on the locations, sessions are of4 types: 1. Inproc session 2. State
server session 3. Sql server session 4.
Custom session
49)
What is the default type of session data? A) OBJECT.
50)
What is the default life time of session variable? A) 20
Minutes.
51)
Where we will define the session state type? A) Within the
Web.config , under the <System .Web> TAG.
52)
What is the Default Session state mode? A) The default Session state
mode is INPROC.
53)
How to set the life time of session variable? A)
Using TimeOut property.
54)
How to destroy session? A) Using Abondon(). i.e
Session.Abondon() will destroy the session.
55)
What are the advantages of inproc session and disadvantages? A)
ADVANTAGES OF INPROC SESSION:
1.
Accessing the inproc session data will be faster.
2. It is very much
suitable for small web applications DISADVANTAGES OF INPROC SESSION:
1. It we restart the
web server or if any crashes to the web server there is a chance of losing the
session data.
2. If the session data
is increased there is a burden on the web server, it will affect the
performance of web server and web application. 3. It is not suitable for large
web application models like webgarden and webfarm.
56)
What are the advantages of state server session and disadvantages?
A) ADVANTAGES OF
STATE SERVER SESSION:
1. State server
session will provide more security because sessions are creating separately
within the windows service. 2. If we restart the web server or if any crashes
to the web server but still session data will be safe.
3. It is suitable for
large web applications like webgarden and webfarm model.
DISADVANTAGES
OF STATE SERVER SESSION:
1. Accessing the state
server session will be slower compare with inproc session.
2. It is not that much
suitable for small web applications because maintaining the windows service is
expensive.
3. Always windows
service should be ON.
57)
Where inproc session data will store?
A) Inproc sessions are
creating within the Current App Domain, which is a part of Web Server.
58)
Where state server session will store?
A) State server
session are creating within the state server which is nothing but Windows
Service, this windows service is representing by a file calle d(AspNet_state.exe).
59)
How to start windows service?
A) We can start the
Windows Service in 2 ways-
1. By using control
panel and 2. By using Command prompt.
60)
Where sql server session will store?
A) Sql server sessions
will be creating within the Sql Server Database.
61)
What is the framework tool will user to create aspstate database with in
sqlserver? A)
aspnet_regsql
62)
What are the session related events?
A) There are 2 Types
of Session events.
1. Session Start and 2.
Session End.
63)
When we will go for session concept? A)
Whenever we want to store user data within the server.
64)
What is worker process?
A) Worker process is
nothing but Asp.Net execution engine or Asp.Net runtime. The role of Asp.Net
runtime is executing the Asp.Net web page within the Web server.
65)
What is appdomain?
A) Every worker
process will maintain a memory unit within the web server which is nothing but
Appdomain.
66)
What is application pool? A) It
is part of web server or a unit of web server.
67)
What is webgarden? A) An application pool which is having multiple WORKER PROCESS is
called as WEB GARDEN.
68)
What is webfarm? A) Deploying a website into multiple web servers is called
Webfarm.
69)
Why inproc session is not suitable for webgarden and webfarm model?
A) Inproc sessions
will create within the current App Domain due to that reason app domain data is
not sharable due to that reason Inproc sessions are not suitable for WEB GARDEN
and WEBFARM MODELS.
70)
When we will go for application state?
A) when ever we want
to store the data in web server..which should be common for all users.
For example: In
youtube video number of views
71)
What are application events?
A) There are 3
application events.
1. Application Start
Event 2. Application End Event 3. Application Error Event.
72)
Difference between session state and application state?
A) 1. Application
state: It will be available to all users of the application.
2. Application state
variables are cleared, when the process hosting the application is restarted.
Session
state:
1. It will only be
available to a specific user of the ASP.net application.
2. Session state
variable are cleared, when the user session times out. The default is 20
minutes. This is configurable in Web.Config.
73)
What is global.asax file?
A) This is a class
file, which is coming with 1 user defined called Global and it has a super
class called HTTPApplication. This file will contain all the application session
related events.
74)
What is a cookie?
A) Cookie is a
variable which we can use to store the user data. It will create within the
client machine due to that reason which is called as client side state
management.
75)
What is the default life of cookie? A) 30 Minutes.
76)
Types of cookies?
Cookies can be broadly
classified into 2 types
1.
Persistent cookies: Remain on the client computer, even after the browser is closed.
You can configure how long the cookies remain using the expires property of the
Http Cookie object.
2.
Non-Persistent cookies: If you don't set the Expires property,
then the cookie is called as a Non-Persistent cookie. Non-Persistent cookies
only remain in memory until the browser is closed.
77)
What is the Scope of Cookie? A) Throughout the website.
78)
What is the Difference between Cookie and Session?
A)COOKIE
SESSION
1. Cookie is a client
side state management technique. 1. Session is a server side state management
technique.
2. Cookie is a
variable which will create within the client machine. 2. Session is also a
variable which will
create within the Web
server. 3. Default timeout of a cookie is 30 minutes. 3. Default life time of
session variable is 20 minutes.
79)
What is querystring? What is the draw back?
A) 1.QueryString is a
way to forward the data from one web page to another. 2. QueryString is
attached to the URL with "?".
Drawbacks:
1. All the attributes and values are visible to the end user.
Therefore, they are not secure.
2. There is a limit to
URL length of 255 characters.
80)
What is Viewstate? What is the scope of view state?
A) 1. Viewstate will
maintain the user’s data among multiple postbacks requests.
2. View state will
store the user’s data within client machine due to that reason it is called as
CLIENT SIDE STATE MANGEMENT. 3. The scope of the Viewstate is within that web
form.
81)
Is HTML controls will maintain Viewstate?
A) NO. Because HTML
controls are Client side controls.
82)
What is Hiddenfield and what is the scope?
A) 1. HiddenField is a
Server side control, which can hold the user data but holding the data will not
be visible because it is a INVISIBLE CONTROL 2. To Implement HiddenField we can
use Asp.Net server control called HiddenField.
83)
What is caching?
A) Caching is a
process of storing the frequently used web page (or) frequentlyused part of the
web page (or) frequently used data into some location for future access.
84)
How many locations we can implement caching?
A) According to the
location caching is classified into 4 types.
1. Client caching 2.
Proxy caching 3. Reverse caching 4. Web server caching
85)
What are types of caching techniques?
A) Asp.Net will
support 3 Caching Techniques.
1. Page Output Caching
2. Fragment Output caching 3. Data Caching
86)
When we will go for page output caching?
A) Whenever we want to
store the frequently used web page into some location then we will go for PAGE
OUTPUT CACHING Ã In general, we will
implement page caching on startup page such as login and home page.
87)
When we will go for fragment caching?
A) Whenever we want to
store the frequently used part of the web page into some location for future
access then we will go for FRAGMENT CACHING.Ã Fragment
caching we will implement on a Web user control, which is accessing by multiple
web pages.
88)
When we will go for data caching?
A) Whenever we want to
store the frequently used data for future access into some location then we
will go for DATA CACHING.
89)
What is class we will use to access global connection string? A)
ConfigurationManager class.
90)
What is security?
A) Security is a
process of allowing the authenticated users and denying the unauthorized users
when user is requested for restricted web page.
91)
What is authorization?
A) Authorization is a
process of verifying the authentication ticket and supplying the web page based
on authentication ticket.
92)
What is Authentication?
A) Authentication is a
process of accepting the user credentials, when user will request for a
restricted web page and generating the authentication ticket for the valid
user.
93)
How many types of authentications will support by asp.net?
A) It will support 3
types of authentications. 1. Forms authentication 2. Passport authentication 3.
Windows authentication
94)
What is returnurl? A)it is querystring varible
95)
What is the class we will use for forms authentication? A)FormsAuthentication
96)
When we will go for forms authentication? A) Forms
authentication is used for normal web applications.
97)
When we will go for passport authentication?
A) A group of websites
which will allow the user with single user id and password will go for the
passport authentication.Ex: If we have Gmail id with that we can access Gmail,
Facebook, Youtube etc
98)
When we will go for windows authentication?
A) Whenever users are
part of the same Windows domain as the server then the Windows Authentication
is the preferred approach to authentication. In other words, whenever we have
intranet web applications it is better to go with Windows Authentication.
99)
List out Gridview events?
A) 1. Row deleting and
Row deleted 2. Row editing 3. Row updating and Row updated 4. Row Cancelling
edit
5. Row command 6. Row
created 7. Row DataBound 8. Page index changing and page index changed 9.
Sorted and sorting.
100)
What is the use of sqldata source control?
A) SqlData Source will
make the programmer task easy to communicate SqlServer Database.
101)
When we will go for repeater control?
A) Whenever we want to
display the data as it is we can go for Repeater control,that means we don’t
require to provide any Edit or Delete facilities. Ex: To display Bank
Statements and Examination results.
102)
When we will go for datalist control?
A) Whenever we want to
display the data in a repeating list format then we will go for Datalist
control.
103)
When we will go for formview and when we will go for details view?
A) FORMVIEW: Whenever
we want to display record by record in VERTICAL manner then we can go for Formview.
Details
View: Whenever we want to display record by record in HORIZONTAL manner
then we can go for Details view.
104)
What is the use of data pager control? A) Data pager control
provides paging functionality for data bound controls.
105)
Difference between listbox and dropdownlist?
A) LISTBOX: It
will allow the user to select one item or multiple items.
DropDownList:
It will allow the user to select only one item.
106)
where is the viewstate information stored? A) Within the html hidden fields.
107)
which are the 2 properties are on every validation control? A)
1.ControlToValidate and 2.ErrorMessage.
108)
what is the use of @register directives? A) It informs the
compiler of any custom server control added to the page.
109)
what is the textbox property used for password textbox? A)
TextMode
110)
How to reduce the burden on the page? A) By implementing paging.
AJAX
1)
Why Ajax?
A) To avoid full page
postback,to implement partial page postback
1. Using AJAX we can
develops RICH USER INTERFACES web applications
2. If we want to
follow ASYNCHRONOUS REQUEST MODEL, while developing the web applications we
have to use AJAX. 3. To improve the PERFORMANCE of the web application and to
reduce the NETWORK TRAFFIC we can use AJAX. 4. We can avoid SCREEN FLICKER
using AJAX.
2)
What is partial post back?
A)when ever user will
interact the part of the page then sending postback request for only that part
of the page
3)
What is synchronous request model and what is asynchronous request model?
A) Synchronous
Request Model: In this model, every client request has to communicate the
web server and every request has to process by the web server then only that
request, response will be getting by the client.
Asynchronous
Request Model: In this model, between client and web server we will have a
middleman called AJAX ENGINE.
AJAX
ENGINE: It is a part of web browser. The role of AJAX engine is to process
the part of the web page or partial web page within the client side.
4)
What is client centric and what is server centric?
A) AJAX will support 2
programming models. They are:
1.
Server Centric programming model: In this model every client
request will be processing by the web server that can be first request or
postback request.
2.
Client Centric programming model: In this model, first request
will be processing by the web server and postback request will be processing by
the client. NOTE: While developing an AJAX web page we can implement
only server centric programming model or client centric programming model or
both within single web page.
5)
Explain about extender controls? And non extender controls? A)
AJAX Toolkit is providing 2 types of controls.
1.
EXTENDER CONTROLS:
1. Extender controls
are not individual controls i.e these controls will not provide any
functionality individually.
2. Extender controls
will extend the functionalities of existing ASP.NET controls.
3. Ex: Autocomplete
extender, calendar extender, dropdown extender and so on..
2.
NON-EXTENDER CONTROLS:
1. Non – Extender
controls are individual controls i.e every non-extender controls will provide
some individual functionality. 2. Non – Extender controls provides the extra
controls in ASP.NET.
2. Ex: Accordion and
Accordion pane, Tab Container, Rating, Nobot.
6)
What is the importance of script manager and update panel control in Ajax?
A)
IMPORTANCE OF SCRIPT MANAGER:
1. In Ajax, Script
Manager is the main important parent control.
2. Whenever we are
developing an Ajax web page first we have to drag and drop SCIRPT MANAGER
Control.
3. These control class
will provide all the AJAX related METHODS and PROPERTIES.
IMPORTANCE
OF UPDATE PANEL:
1. Update panel is one
of the Ajax Container control.
2. By default Asp.Net
control follows Server Centric Programming Model Whatever controls we are
adding to update panel will execute Client Centric Programming Model.
3. Whenever we want to
make Asp.Net controls to follow Client Centric Programming Model.
4. We can drag and
drop update panel, in that we can add Asp.Net controls and Ajax controls.
ADO.Net
1).What
is ADO.Net? Why Ado.net?
A) ADO.NET : 1.
It is an integral component in .NET framework, which was introduced by the
Microsoft with .NET Framework 1.0 2.
It is a Data Access Object, which allows communication between .NET application
and Databases.
WHY: 1.
whenever .NET application wants to communicate Databases it has to take the help
of Ado.Net.
2. Ado.net acts like a
mediator between .Net application and Database.
2).
Difference between Connected Oriented Architecture (COA) and
Disconnected
Oriented Architecture (DOA)?
A) COA DOA
1. Whenever we require
a continuous connection with the Database for accessing the data we use COA
1. Whenever we doesn’t
require a continuous connection with the Database for accessing the data we can
use DOA.
2. In COA,
SqlDataReader will fetch the data from database and bind to the Client
application.
2. In DOA,
SqlDataAdapter will fetch the data from database and store into the DATASET in
the Client application.
3).What
is the base class library used for ado.net?
A)System.data To
communicate Sql server database we have to import a Base Class Library called
Using System.Data.SqlClient;
4).What
are components required for connected oriented?
A) The components
required for Connected oriented architecture are:
1. Connection Object 2.
Command Object 3. DataReader Object
5).
What are the components required for Disconnected oriented?
A) The components
required for Disconnected oriented architecture are:
1. Connection Object 2.
Command Object 3. DataAdapter Object 4. Dataset Object
6).
Difference between DataReader and DataAdapter?
A) DATAREADER
DATAADAPTER
1. It is used in
Connected Oriented Architecture. 1. It is used in Disconnected Oriented Architecture.
2. DataReader is
represents with a pre-defined class called SqlDataReader.2. DataAdapter is
represented with a
pre-defined class
called SqlDataAdapter.3. DataReader is used to retrieve a read-only,
forward-only stream of
data from a database 3.
DataAdapter is used to retrieve data from a data source and populate
tableswithin a DataSet.
7).Difference
between dataset and data table?
A) DATASET DATA
TABLE
1. Dataset is a
collection of DATA TABLES. 1. Data table represents a single table i.e it is a
collection of rows and
columns.
8).Difference
between data reader and dataset?
A) DATAREADER
DATASET
1. It is used in
Connected Oriented Architecture. 1. It is used in Disconnected Oriented Architecture.
2. DataReader is
directly accessing the 2. Dataset is a local database which is central
database. not communicating the central database directly, between the central db
and local db there will a mediator called DataAdapter for
communication. 3.
DataReader is represented at a time single record. DataReader is Read only,
Forward only, connected recoed set. 3. Dataset can contain collection of tables
because dataset itself is a local database.
4. DataReader we will
use only when we want to read the data from Central DataBase.
4. We can use dataset
for reading the data, inserting, updating and deleting the data.
9)
When we will go for connected oriented architecture and when we will go for
disconnected oriented architecture?
A)
Connected Oriented Architecture (COA):
Whenever we require a
continuous connection with the Database for accessing the data then we will go
for COA.
DISconnected
Oriented Architecture (DOA):
Whenever we doesn’t
require a continuous connection with the Database for accessing the data then
we will go for DOA.
10)
How to bind the data to textbox? A) Txtbox1.Text=dr[0];
11)
How to bind the data to grid view? A)Gridview1.datasource=dr; A) Gridview1.databind();
12)
How to bind the data to label? A)label1.Text=dr[0];
13)
How to bind the data to dropdownlist?
A)dropdownList1.datasource=dr;
dropdowList1.DataTextField=dr[1];
dropdownList1.DatavalueField=dr[0];
dropdownList1.DataBind();
14)
Difference between ExecuteReader, ExecuteNonquery, ExecuteScalar?
A) ExecuteReader():
It is apre-defined member method of SqlCommand class. This method will read
or fetch the data from the central database and will return to DataReader
object.
ExecuteNonQuery():
This method will execute the Non-Query command of command object
CRUD Operations like INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE and so on. Then it will
return the no. of records which are affected by the command.
ExecuteScalar():
This method will executes the command object command till the first
match. This method will avoid the unnecessary scanning of the table, which improves
the performance of the application.
15)
How to destroy connection object explicitly? A) conn.Dispose()
16)
What is row command event? When we will go for row command event?
A) Row Command event
is one of the events of the Gridview control. This event will fire when user
will click any button within the Gridview control.
17)
Can I implement link button click event within gridview? A)
Yes.
18)
How to create delete, edit, select buttons with in gridview?
A) By using PROPERTY
BUTTON
AutoGenerateDeleteButton
For DELETE Button AutoGenerateEditButton
For EDIT Button
AutoGenerateSelectButton
For SELECT Button
19)
Which data bound control will support to create insert button by using
property? A). Listview control
20)
What is the data provider to communicate sql server data base?
A) Every DataProvider
is providing by the Microsoft as a Base class library (BCL).To communicate Sql
server database we have to import a BCL called Using System.Data.SqlClient;
21)
What is 3 tier?
A) A software solution
which is implemented by using 3 layers can be called as 3- Tier Architecture. In
3-Tier architecture, we have 3 layers
1.
I-Layer: It will contain the UI-Design and Validations Code is known as PRESENTATION
LAYER (UI).
2.
II-Layer: It will contain the Business Logic layer code and is known as BUSINESS
LOGIC LAYER (BLL).
3.
III-Layer: It will contain the Data Access Code and is known as DATA ACCESS
LAYER (DAL).
In 3-Tier
Architecture, UI interacts with BLL only BLL will interacts with DAL DAL
interacts with DATABASE.
22)
What is windows service?
A) 1. Windows service
in one of the software application.2. It works only on windows operating system
due to that reason windows service is called operating system dependent
application. 3. It will start when the windows OS is Booting. 4. It will run
till the windows OS is Running. 5. It will stop when the OS is Shutdown. 6. It
can be start and stop manually also.
23)
What is web service?
A) 1. A unit of code
which is providing the services to multiple client applications can be called
as WEB SERVICE.
2. An application
which is receiving the services can be called as SERVICE RECEIVER or CLIENT APPLICATION. 3. An application which is providing the
services can be called as SERVICE PROVIDER or WEB SERVICE.
24)
What is WPF?
A) 1. WPF stands for
Windows Presentation Foundation.
2. It is a .Net
advanced windows technology, introduced by Microsoft with .Net Framework 3.0 in
2006.
3. Using WPF we can
develop an advanced windows applications.
4. WPF is integrated
with 2D graphics, 3D graphics, animations and multimedia.
5. Whenever we want to
implement animations within a desktop application the best choice is WPF.
25)
What is silverlight?
A)SilverLight is an
advanced web technology which we can use to implement animations, multimedia
for asp.net web application
26)
What is Jquery?
A) 1. Jquery is an
advanced technology of JavaScript that means jquery is next generation of
JavaScript.
2. It is a predefined
JavaScript Library. 3. It is a group of JavaScript predefined functions.
4. It is a lightweight
and more powerful API adding dynamic behavior for webpage.
5. To implement
JavaScript programmer has to write the multiline code. But using Jquery we can
implement JavaScript.
27)
What is Linq?
A)Linq stands for
Language Integrated Query.Linq is an advanced data access object for .net .
28)
What is Crystal Reports?
A) 1. Crystal Reports
is one of the third party Reporting Tool. Using this tool, we can generate the
reports.
2. If we want to use
Crystal reports in Visual studio 2010 then we have to install crystal reports
software explicitly from the following site:
WWW.sap.com
29)
What is thes base class library for crystal reports? A)
CrystalDecisions.CrystalReports.Engine;
30)
Can we run asp.net application without IIS?
A) Yes. Using ASP.NET
DEVELOPMENT SERVER which is the default server in ASP.NET.
31)
Why virtual directory? A)to
provide security for web application
32)
What is the default server we will get with asp.net? A)
ASP.NET DEVELOPMENT SERVER.
33)
Why constraints?
A) Constraint is a
condition which we can assign on a single column or multiple columns. Constraints
will maintain consistent data within the database.
34)
What is the importance of primary key? A)To avoid duplicate values
and null values in a column.
35)
What is the importance of foreign key?
A) 1. To establish
relation between Parent table and Child table we require a common column , that
column should be parent table primary key column.
2. To make that
relation strong we require Foreign key constraint that means Foreign key
constraint we should assign child table common column.
36)
What is stored procedure?
A) 1. Stored procedure
is a pre-compiled Sql statements. 2. That means stored procedure will contain
sql statements like SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE and so on which is already compiled.
Syntax:
Create procedure
procedurename (<Parameter list>)
As
Begin
{
<Sql statements>
}
end
37)
What is advantage of stored procedure?
A) By implementing
stored procedures we can avoid the multiple time compilation of Sqlcommands.
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